Gastric cancer is among the most common malignancies worldwide, characterized by geographical, epidemiological and histological heterogeneity. Here, we report an extensive, multiancestral landscape of driver events in gastric cancer, involving 1,335 cases. Seventy-seven significantly mutated genes (SMGs) were identified, including ARHGAP5 and TRIM49C. We also identified subtype-specific drivers, including PIGR and SOX9, which were enriched in the diffuse subtype of the disease. SMGs also varied according to Epstein–Barr virus infection status and ancestry.