Health-Med Archives - Page 23 of 50 - Yokohama City University

2022-06-14

Indole-3-pyruvic acid regulates TAA1 activity, which plays a key role in coordinating the two steps of auxin biosynthesis

Significance The plant hormone auxin (indole-3-acetic acid [IAA]) plays a central role in regulating plant growth and development, but the regulation of IAA biosynthesis is poorly understood. Here, we identified a key push and pull feedback mechanism, which governs auxin biosynthesis through the tryptophan aminotransferase TAA1. We demonstrate that novel inhibitors of TAA1 function in both monocots and eudicots and present a catalytic mechanism that explains both its substrate specificity and its inhibition.

2022-05-30

Rapid screening using pathomorphological interpretation to detect BRAFV600E mutation and microsatellite instability in colorectal cancer

Purpose: Rapid decision-making is essential in precision medicine for initiating molecular targeted therapy for patients with cancer. This study aimed to extract pathomorphologic features that enable the accurate prediction of genetic abnormalities in cancer from hematoxylin and eosin images using deep learning (DL).

2022-05-27

Temperature sensitivity of DNA double-strand break repair underpins heat-induced meiotic failure in mouse spermatogenesis

Mammalian spermatogenesis is a heat-vulnerable process that occurs at low temperatures, and elevated testicular temperatures cause male infertility. However, the current reliance on in vivo assays limits their potential to detail temperature dependence and destructive processes.

2022-05-26

Single-cell transcriptomes underscore genetically distinct tumor characteristics and microenvironment for hereditary kidney cancers

Our understanding of how each hereditary kidney cancer adapts to its tissue microenvironment is incomplete. Here, we present single-cell transcriptomes of 108,342 cells from patient specimens including from six hereditary kidney cancers.